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Articles Posted in Litigation

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Offer to Pay for an Extended Closing Date Insufficient to Avoid Default

A buyer signed a contract and paid a downpayment as part of the purchase of real property. The buyer did not show at a time of the essence closing, leading the seller to declare its default and intention to retain the downpayment as damages. Some eight months later, the buyer…

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Buyer’s Refusal to Close with Dissolved Corporation Held a Breach of Contract

Owner of a property entered into a contract for its sale. At the time of the contract, Owner, a corporation, was dissolved by proclamation. The contract had a one-year closing date, time being of the essence, but if there was no closing, Buyer’s downpayment would be returned upon its termination…

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Discretionary Contract May Not Be Exercised in Bad Faith

In refusing to dismiss a complaint alleging breach of an operating agreement which gave the defendants “‘sole and absolute discretion’” to “select the company’s investments,” Judge Jennifer Schecter of New York County’s Commercial Division held that no matter the language of an agreement—which should be enforced according to its terms—“the…

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Party Demanding Relief Not Available under Contract Terms Found in Default

Specifically in connection with real estate contracts, where issues come up during the due diligence period, parties often demand relief of their own imagination, which courts refuse to enforce. In a case decided in the Commercial Division of Kings County, involving a buyer’s demand not found in the contract, the…

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Failure to Respond to Emails May Be Deemed Repudiation of a Contract

In refusing to dismiss a case where anticipatory repudiation of an employment agreement was claimed, the court held that for the purposes of a pre-answer motion to dismiss, plaintiff’s claim that he sent three emails to defendant about unpaid commissions which were ignored sufficed to properly allege that claim—“the Defendants’…

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Judgment Against Guarantor Granted Even as Obligor’s Payments Were Discounted

Landlord sued the guarantor of a lease when the tenant failed to pay. The guarantor argued that it should not be liable for the full amount of the rent as called for in the lease because the landlord and tenant had negotiated a temporary discount without informing or consulting the…

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The Freedom to Contract — Affirmed and Explained

Over a robust dissent, the Court of Appeals, in a long decision discussing the policy considerations in enforcing contracts as written, affirmed the Second Department’s decision, also over a passionate dissent, affirming a trial court’s decision dismissing a commercial tenant’s declaratory judgment action and with it, the tenant’s Yellowstone injunction.…

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Claimant May Avoid Obligation to Arbitrate Due to Cost

Typically, properly executed arbitration agreements, even as boilerplate in a form agreement, are strictly enforced. That said, there is an interesting 2017 First Department case that allows a party to avoid arbitration due to the cost of doing so. In this case, as part of his employment, an employee agreed…

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Insurance Company’s Bad-Faith Investigation Forms Basis for a Deceptive Business Claim

Plaintiff made a claim to its insurance company for water damage and loss of business. After what appears to have been a contentious investigation, the claim was denied because the carrier alleged that plaintiff did not provide it with all of the necessary documents and information and because some of…

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